產(chǎn)品的同質(zhì)化戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的作用
2006-09-12
來(lái)源:陶城報(bào)
責(zé)任編輯:白秀芬
閱讀:3881
Situation我們面臨的狀況
Any company that sells similar products at a range of prices fears cannibalization. Take the case of a floor company that expanded from one product line to a mix of offers that included several similar but lower-priced products sold through a number of channels. Executives felt that the new offers were necessary because the original product while quite profitable was losing market share and might never penetrate certain customer segments. The new products did indeed attract these elusive customers but the lower prices also lured some established customers away from the mature product.
任何一家在一定的價(jià)位幅度內(nèi)銷(xiāo)售類(lèi)似產(chǎn)品的公司都害怕面對(duì)產(chǎn)品同質(zhì)化的問(wèn)題。一家地板公司的案例能夠說(shuō)明這個(gè)問(wèn)題,這家公司從一條產(chǎn)品線擴(kuò)張到一系列產(chǎn)品,其中包括許多相似的以不同渠道銷(xiāo)售的低價(jià)位產(chǎn)品。經(jīng)理們認(rèn)為這些新產(chǎn)品系列不可缺少,因?yàn)樵瓉?lái)的產(chǎn)品雖然能夠創(chuàng)造利潤(rùn),但是市場(chǎng)份額卻在不斷減少,而且可能不能再滲透進(jìn)新的客戶(hù)群。而新產(chǎn)品確實(shí)能夠吸引那些拿不定主意的顧客的注意。事實(shí)上,新產(chǎn)品的低價(jià)位還誘使老顧客放棄了原來(lái)購(gòu)買(mǎi)的產(chǎn)品。
Complication 問(wèn)題的復(fù)雜性及并發(fā)癥
Deciding how aggressively to push the new offers proved difficult. The company's customer-relationship-management system allowed marketers to pinpoint the extent of the cannibalization. Yet the data implied simplistic recommendations-for instance abandoning the new products without regard for their strategic importance. Unless the implications were clarified product managers balked at exploring the trade-offs between market share and profitability. Indeed they had an incentive not to do so for each product was organized as a separate competing business with its own sales targets.
制訂推廣新的產(chǎn)品系列的攻勢(shì)是非常困難的。公司的客戶(hù)關(guān)系管理體系使得市場(chǎng)部的人能精確掌握產(chǎn)品同質(zhì)化的范圍。然而,他們掌握的資料也暗示了一些簡(jiǎn)單的結(jié)果--比方說(shuō):放棄新產(chǎn)品,而不考慮它們的戰(zhàn)略重要性。但是除非能令這些判斷能清晰地提出,否則,面對(duì)市場(chǎng)份額和盈利的取舍,產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理們都不愿冒任何風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。事實(shí)上他們趨向于在產(chǎn)品序列上不做任何變化,因?yàn)槊總€(gè)產(chǎn)品都是一門(mén)獨(dú)立的,有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的生意,都有各自的銷(xiāo)售目標(biāo)。
Resolution 企業(yè)的決定
To break the stalemate senior executives looked beyond traditional marketing approaches to data optimization techniques long used in operations research for planning production scheduling workers managing yields and allocating resources. These tools rely on mathematical formulas that help identify the best outcomes given a set of business objectives and constraints. After quantifying the impact of various options-including increasing the market share of the new brands at the expense of the old one-managers identified a sweet spot that balanced their short-term profit objectives against the company's long-term goals exhibit and reconciled the interests of competing product managers. The result was an overall profit increase of 10 percent for these brands over six months.
為了打破僵局,高層經(jīng)理們眼光要超越傳統(tǒng)的市場(chǎng)手段,開(kāi)始注意數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)化技術(shù)和手段的運(yùn)用,這些運(yùn)用傳統(tǒng)上用在生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃管理、工作量安排、集約式管理、資源分配及研究上的。這些工具依賴(lài)精確的數(shù)據(jù)公式,能夠在設(shè)定商業(yè)目標(biāo)及受限領(lǐng)域的前提下設(shè)計(jì)出最合理的工作模式。在對(duì)不同因素的影響進(jìn)行定量分析后--包括在開(kāi)支不變的前提下令新品牌的市場(chǎng)份額增長(zhǎng)--經(jīng)理們找到了一個(gè)最佳切入口,既能平衡他們的短期盈利目標(biāo),又能滿(mǎn)足公司的長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo),還能緩解商品經(jīng)理之間競(jìng)爭(zhēng)利益關(guān)系。結(jié)果六個(gè)月內(nèi)這些牌子的總體利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)了10個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。
Implications 啟示
The rising complexity of channels and products the shortening of product life cycles and an explosion in customer data all make it increasingly difficult for companies to evaluate their strategic alternatives. Optimization techniques can shed light on the way sales and marketing resources should be allocated and how products or services should be tailored to an evolving marketplace. Using these techniques the floor company not only solved its cannibalization problem but also discovered several customer segments for which it had no optimal solution. This discovery prompted the development of new product ideas to serve them.
銷(xiāo)售渠道和產(chǎn)品的日益復(fù)雜化,產(chǎn)品壽命周期的縮短,過(guò)量消費(fèi)者信息的獲得都使得公司在評(píng)估戰(zhàn)略選擇的時(shí)候難度增大。銷(xiāo)售和市場(chǎng)資源應(yīng)怎樣分配,產(chǎn)品及服務(wù)應(yīng)如何調(diào)整以適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)變化,這些問(wèn)題都可從優(yōu)化策略中找到答案。使用這些策略,這家地板公司不僅解決了同質(zhì)化問(wèn)題,而且發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些沒(méi)有最佳解決方案的客戶(hù)群。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)同時(shí)也促使了新品的開(kāi)發(fā)。
Ari Buchalter and Humam Sakhnini
阿里.巴克特 胡曼.薩克尼尼
供稿/翻譯:齊宇丹(仁美文化有限公司)
- END -